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Summary
This advice sheet is aimed at parents
who think their child may have high learning potential.
Below is a guide to some
characteristics and abilities that are common amongst children with high
learning potential aged between 12 months and 4 years. However, not all of them
will apply to individual children. Whilst the ages given are a rough guide as
each child is unique and progresses in different areas at different rates, they
provide a useful list to help you determine whether your young child has high
learning potential (HLP).
Introduction
Many parents begin to suspect that
there is something different about their child compared with their peers at a
young age. This is a guide for parents to put their child’s abilities in the
context of high learning potential.
Characteristics of Young Children with High Learning Potential
• Unusual alertness as a baby
• Interest in books
• Interest in computers
• Unusually active and high levels of
energy (but not hyperactive)
• May require less sleep (yet not
sleepy or irritable due to lack of sleep)
• Early and extensive language
development and vocabulary, forms grammatically correct
sentences as compared to peers
• Has a vivid imagination (includes
having imaginary friends)
• Extraordinary feats of memory
• Extreme curiosity and asks many
questions
• Ability to memorise and recall
facts easily
• Early development of a sense of
humour
• May see solutions that don’t occur
to others
• Interest in abstract terms (e.g.
time or space)
• Advanced sense of justice and
fairness (and may not understand responses of peers)
• Strongly motivated to do things
that interest, unwilling to do other activities
Abilities of Young Children with High Learning Potential
• Could stay still and enjoy a TV
programme at 12 months
• Has favourite TV shows/VCD/DVDs at
12 months
• Ability to form two-word phrases by
14 months
• Ability to understand instructions
by 14 months
• Ability to say and understand many
words before 18 months
• Recognition of letters/alphabets by
age 2
• Recognition and rote counting of
numbers 1-10 or higher by age 2
• Recognition of colours by age 2
• Recognition of first word by age 2
• Interest in puzzles by age 2
• Has long attention span in interest
areas by age 2
• Ability to form at least three-word
phrase by age 2
• Ability to solve a 20-piece puzzle
by age 3
• Recognition of simple signs and own
written name by age 3
• Ability to write letters, numbers,
words, and their names between 3 and 4 years
• Ability to read easy readers by age
4
• Specific talent (if any), such as
artistic ability or an unusual facility for numbers – becomes
more apparent by age 4
• Ability to do simple addition and
subtraction by age 3
• High degree of mathematical
understanding by age 4
Early Readers, Deep Readers
Many young children with high
learning potential teach themselves to read at a very early age. By the time
they enter early childhood education they may already be sounding out letters,
reading signs, or reading accurately both aloud and silently. Some children are
such good readers that their silent reading speeds may cause it to seem as if
they are skimming through picture books.
They may also be concentrating so
deeply on their reading that they are unaware of people speaking to them, or
teachers attempting to engage their attention. As many adults assume children
must be taught to read, even parents can be surprised by the reading abilities
of their child!
Hypersensitive
Many children with high learning
potential are hypersensitive; emotionally, sensually and / or physically.
• Emotional hypersensitivity (or over
excitability) can be demonstrated through extreme emotion, anxiety, concern for
others, difficulty adjusting to change and may ask many questions about pain,
death, anger, love.
• Sensual hypersensitivity (or over
excitability) is a heightened sense of the five senses and can be demonstrated
through tactile sensitivity (such as tags in clothes), sensitivity to loud noises,
and appreciation of beauty in music or art or attachment to treasured toys.
• Physical (or psychomotor)
hypersensitivity (or over excitability) is primarily indicated by a surplus of
energy and can also be demonstrated through compulsive talking, nervous habits,
physical expression of emotions and sleeplessness.
Dual or Multiple Exceptional
A child can have both high learning potential and special educational
needs (when this is the case the child is
often called dual exceptional or twice exceptional). Common learning disabilities that are seen alongside high learning
potential are:
• dyspraxia,
• ADHD,
• high functioning Autism (Asperger
syndrome)
• dyslexia
For more information see Potential
Plus UK Fact Sheet P01 – Dual and Multiple Exceptionality.
If you feel your child may have high learning
potential, please contact Potential Plus UK for a telephone consultation with
an education consultant. We also have an Early Profile of High Learning
Potential service available.
Further Information Books and fact
sheets can be ordered from our website shop: www.potentialplusuk.org
www.surveymonkey.com/s/advicesheetfeedback
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